Integral Calculator

This works out definite integrals: the number an integral comes to between two limits, rather than a general symbolic answer. Enter a polynomial in x with whole-number powers and the two limits, and it integrates term by term with the power rule, prints the antiderivative and evaluates it at each end. A second mode covers a fixed list of standard integrands, from sin and cos to e to a power, 1/x, 1/x^2, ln x, sqrt x, 1/(1 + x^2) and 1/sqrt(1 - x^2), each carrying a written-out antiderivative. Anything outside those two lists, including products, quotients, substitution and integration by parts, is refused with a message saying so rather than guessed at. Limits that would put a pole between the ends are rejected too, because subtracting across a discontinuity gives a wrong answer that looks right.